Permutation door lock



June 3 1924.

. 1,496,289 J. E. BARKER PERMUTATION DOOR LQCK Filed April 10. 1923 2Sheets-Sheet 1' aeboz W214 June 3 p 1924.

J. E. BARKER PERMUTATION DOOR LOCK Filed April 10 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2gnuewtoz 3i 1;, 5:9619 Z Banrez:

Patented June 3, 1924.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH E. BARKER, OF DENVER. COLORADO.

PERMUTATION DOOR LOCK.

Application filed April 10 1923. Serial No. 631,062.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrrr E. BARKER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Denver, in the city and county of Denver and State ofColorado. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Per--mutation Door Locks; and I do declare the following to he a full, clear,and exact description of the inven.tion,fsuch as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the charactersof reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to permutation locks and has special reference toa door lock of this type.

It is the object of this invention to produce a keyless-door lock whichshall be of simple and substantial construction, and which. shall bepositive in its action, and which shall be easily operated.

It is a further object'of this invention to produce a. lock that shallbe of neat appear- .-:nce and which shall be so constructed that l hecombination can be readily altered and in which the combination can bereadily as certained whenever the door is open.

The above and other objects, that will be readily apparent as thedescription proceeds, are attained by means of a construction which willbe hereinafter described in detail, reference being had for this purposeto the accompanying drawings in which the preferred form of my improvedlock is shown, and in which:

Fig. 1 shows an outside elevation of a portion of a door with my lock inplace thereon.

Fig. 2 shows an inside elevation of a portion of a door which isequipped with my lock.

Fig. 3 is a view looking at the door edgewise, as indicated by the arrow3 in Fig. 1.

F ig. L is a side elevation of the lock with the locking means removed,said view showing the surface along line M, Fig. 6. Fig. 5 IS a sectiontaken on line 55,

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-6, Fig. 5. g

Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the lock looking in the direction ofarrows 77, Fig. 5.

F 8 is a section taken along line 8-8,

shown in Fig. 5.

9 is a View looking in the direction of arrow 9, Fig. 10 and shows theposition of the parts when thelbolt is withdrawn or in unlockingposition.

Fig. 10 is a section on line 1010, and' shows the parts in the positioncorresponding to Fig. .9. V

Fig. 11 is a View of the locking device looking in the direction of thearrow 11 in Fig.12; and

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the locking" dev1ce. 1 The same referencecharacters will be used to designate'the same parts through- I out theseveral views. g

Numeral l designates a door which is mortised for the reception of myimproved lock. My lock is contained in ametal casing 2 which'isapproximately of the same size and shape as that used in connection withordinary key looks. The sides, indicated by numerals 3 and 4, areremovable. The former will be designated as the top and the latter asthe side of the lock. Secured to the bottom of the casing by means of ascrew 5 is a stud 6, the purpose of which willhereinafter appear. and inthe corners near the removable side 4 there are blocks 7 to which theside 4L is secured by means of screws 8. These blocks are also providedwith openings 9 for the reception of screwsused for holding the top inplace.

cam 13 which has a square opening for the reception of the rectangularpart 14 on the .spindle portion 15. The cam 13 cooperates withtheinwardly projecting lugs 16 on the ends of the lJ-shapedpart 17 ofthe bolt 18 in the manner commonin locks. When the spindle 15 isrotated, it will rotate the cam 13 and this in turn will withdraw thebolt or move. the same inwardly against 3 A 1,496.289. PATENT OFFICE.

is .cut in the wall of the cylindrical portion The bottom 10 is providedwith an opening 7 11 for the reception of the hub'12 of the 23. Thisopening extends about 84. degrees. 3

The part of the spindle indicated by numeral is round, except for thesquare part 14 above referred to. The inner end of part 15 fits into thecylindrical opening in the part 23 and a pin 25 passes through theopening 24 and into the inner end of part 15. This pin holds the twoparts together and also limits the relative rotary movement toapproximately 84 degrees. The part 15 is provided with a portion 26 ofsubstantially the same diameter as the part 23. The top 3 has twoopenings 27 and 28, the former being for the reception of the hub 29 ofthe cam 30 which cam has a square opening for the reception of thespindle portion 22. Slidably mounted on the spindle between the cam 13and the cam 30 is a cooperating cam 31 which has cam surfaces thatcooperate with similar cam surfaces on the cam 30. Means, to behereinafter described, serve to prevent rotary movement of the cam 31. Aspring 32 is interposed between the cams 13 and 31 and serves to holdthe three cams 13, 31 and 30 in place. It is evident that the spring 19,acting through parts 17, 16 and 13 will normally retain the spindle part15 in a definite position, but since there is about 82 degrees ofrelative rotary movement permitted between the parts 15 and 22, it isevident that other means must be pro vided to bring the part 22 back tonormal position and for this purpose I have provided the followingmechanism:

The cam 30 is provided with a radial pin 33 provided at its outer endwith an opening to which the end of a spring 34 is attached. The otherend of spring 34 is anchored to a pin 35 and is tensioned. It is evidentthat the spring 34 will tend to hold the cam 30 in such a position thatthe axis of the spring passes through the center of the spindle 22, andthat when the latter is rotated, the cam will also rotate and stretchthe spring, which will return these parts to their normal position assoon as they are released. hen the parts 15 and 22 are in their normalat rest position the pin 25 will occupy a position midway between theends of the slot or opening 24 so that spindle part 22 can be rotated ineither direction about 42 degrees without moving the part 15 andconversely part 15 may be rotated through an angle of approximately 42degrees without rotating the part 22. Whenever part 15 is rotatedapproximately 42 degrees in either direction, the cam 13 operates toretract the bolt 18. The spindle part 15 is always on the inside of thedoor so that the lock can always be opened from the inside, whether itis locked against opening from the outside or not. One arm of the U-shaped member 17 has a projection 36 on its outer side. A night latchslide 37 has a notch 38 on one side. This notch is adapted to receivethe projection 36. The slide 37 is movable towards and away from theprojection 36 and is held in place by a plate 39. A pin 40 is secured atone end to the slide 37 and serves as the means by which the latch ismoved into and out of operative position. If the parts occupy theposition shown in Fig. 5 and the catch is moved into engagement with theprojection 36, it is evident that the bolt 18 cannot be moved in eitherdirection.

I will now describe the means which I have provided for locking the boltso that it may not be retracted by a rotation of the spindle part 22 orwhich, more correctly speaking, will lock the spindle part 22 againstrotation. The cam 31 has formed integral therewith radially extendingportion "whose outer end is preferably rounded, as indicated by thenumeral 42. Surrounding th edge of opening 28 on the inside of theremovable top piece 3, is a flange 43 whose ends 44 terminate near thesides of the portion 41 and serve as a means for preventing rotation ofthe (ram member 31 which is therefore forced to reciprocate on thespindle whenever the cam 30 is rotated.

It is now evident that if we can provide means whereby the cam 31 can beheld against longitudinal movement, the spindle part 22 will then belocked against rotation, and, as a result of this, the bolt 18 cannot beoperated from the outside of the door. In orderto control the movementsof the cam 31, 1 provide a permutation locking means which issubstantially the same as the one described by me in my co-pendingapplication, Serial No. 591,633, filed September 30, 1922, of whichapplication this case 1s a continuation in part.

My'locking means consists of a cylindrical metal part 45 which fitswithin the hole 28. Secured to the rear of the part 45 are a pluralityof tumblers 46, three being shown in the drawing, which may all. beexactly alike and each provided with a hub 47 which serve to space thetumblers apart, or the hub may be omitted on the innermost disk. asshown on the drawing, as this will save a little space. The tumblers 46have each a central opening and are rotatably held in place by a tubularpivot bolt 48 whose end is threadedly connected to the part 45 (Fig. 8).Each tumbler has its periphery formed into gear teeth and at one pointin the periphery of each tumbler there is an arcuate notch 49 (Fig. 11).These notches are of substantially the same curvature as the end 42 ofthe part 41 and the tumblers are so located on the part 45 that thenotches 49 partly surround the curved end 42 of member 41. In order thatthe tumblers may be rotated from the position shown in Fig. 10, theprojecting portion 41 must be provided with notches 50 which are in thesame plane as the tumblers when the parts are in their normal position(Figs. 7 and 8). The notches are of such depth that the tumblers may bereadily turned to any desired is again rotated to a position in whichthe notch 49 registers with the curved end 42, the cam 81 can movelongitudinally to the position shown in Fig. 9. The tumblers 46 arerotated by means of pinions 51, the out ermost one of which is connectedto a tubular member 52, the intermediate one being likewise connected toa similar tubular member 53, while the outermost pinion is secured tothe end of a rod 54. The pinions each mesh with the corresponding gearwheel 46 and can each be rotatedby turning the corresponding knob 55. Oneach side of the pinions 51, there are studs 56 and 57 to the former, ofwhich a number of pins 58 are secured. These pins are so located thatthey project over the edges of the pinions and form stops which areengaged by the projecting portions 59 which are securedto the pinions.The stud 57 has a'hole 60 corresponding to each pinion and in each holethere is a spring 61 and a steel ball 62. The. balls cooperate with thegear teeth on the pinion and form detents which serve to producesufiicient retarding action to keep the pinion from being rotatedthrough friction, and they also serve as means by which the operator candetermine the number of teeth that the pinions and the tumblers havebeen rotated.

The combination can be set to any desired number by removing thetumblers, setting the pinions any desired number of notches from thezero position, where part 59. engages the pins 58, and then replacingthe tumblers with the notches 49 in line with the corresponding arcuatenotch in the member 45. The locking assembly shown in Figs. 11 and 12 issecured in place by means of a bolt 64 which engages the threadedinterior of the pivot pin 48.

The side 4 has been made readily removable so that the occupant of thehouse, or the owner, can remove the same for the purpose of determiningthe combination, as it may happen that the combination has beenforgotten or has been changed by the tenant. This is of great importancefor the reason that unless the tumblers are in unlocking position, thelocking device (Figs. 11 and 12) cannot be removed, even when the bolt64 is taken out.

Plates66 and 39 have their edges projecting over the arms of theU-shaped member 17 and serve as guides for the latter.

From the above, it will be apparent that I have produced a combinationlock that is of simple and substantial construction, which can-bereadily operated and Which has a pleasing appearance.

Having 'nowdescribed my invention, what I claim as new is: I

l. A lock comprising, in combination, a casing; a bolt slidably mountedin said casing and adapted to have a portion thereof projecting throughthe side of the casing; means comprising a spring for normally holdingthe bolt in projected position; a two-part spindle extending throughsaid casing; a cam non-rotatably mountedL on one part of the spindle,said cam having means for engaging thebolt and for retracting itwhenever the cam is rotated in either direction, the two parts of saidspindle being connected by a lost motion means that permits the twoparts of the spindle to rotate a predetermined amount with respect toeach other; a second cam member non-rotatably mounted on the other partof the spindle, said cam having cam surfaces on one side thereof; amember slidably mounted on the spindle between the two cams, said memberhaving cam surfaces onone side adapted to cooperate with the surfaces ofthe cam means comprising a spring for yieldinglv holding one cam surfaceagainstthe other; means for preventing rotation of said member; andmeansfor looking it against longitudinal movement. 0

2. In combination, a spindle; a cam nonrotatably mounted thereon, saidcam having one side thereof provided with cam sur faces; a memberrotatably and slid-ably mounted on the spindle, said member having camsurfaces engagingthe cam surfaces of the cam; means comprising a springfor holding the cam surfaces together; means for preventing the rotationof said member whereby when the cam is rotated the member will be movedlongitudinally on the spindle; and means for locking said member againstlongitudinal movement.

3. In combination, a spindle; a cam nonrotatably mounted thereon, saidcam having one side thereof provided with cam surfaces; a memberrotatably and slidably mounted on the spindle, said member having camsurfaces engaging the cam surfaces of the cam; means comprising springfor holding the cam surfaces together; means I for preventing therotation of said member whereby when the cam is rotated the member willbe moved longitudinally on the spindle; and means for locking saidmember against longitudinal movement, said means comprising a pluralityof permutation tumblers.

4. A lock comprising a spindle formed of two parts said parts beingrelatively rotatable to a limited extent; a cam non-rotatably connectedto one oat saidv parts; a second cam non-rotatal'ily connected to theother part, said first named cam having means {for withdrawing a boltwhenever it is rotated in either direct-ion. the second cam having camsurfaces on one side; means comprising a spring secured to the secondcam for holding it in a predetermined position; a locking memberslidably and rotatably mounted on the spindle between the two cams, saidmember hai 'ing cam surfaces for cooperating with the corresponding camsurfaces on the second cam; a spring intermediate the first mentionedcam and the locking member, said spring being under compression wherebythe cam surfaces of the locking member will he the cam surfaces oi thecam member;means for holding the locking IllQlllbOl' against rotarymovement; and means comprising a plurality of tumblers tor locking saidlockin member against longitudinal movement.

0. A combination loo comprising a base member; a pluralityot tumblersrotatably mounted thereon, said tumblers having their edgesprovicledwith gear teeth; a-no'tch in the edge of each tumbler; a pli'iralityo't' pinions meshing with the n te th ofsaid tumblers; means forrotating each pinion separately; stop means for limiting the rotarymovement of said pinions; and a spring detent cooperating with the teethof the pinions.

6. A combination lock comprising a base member; a plurality ot tumblersrotatably mounted thereon, said tumblers having their edges providedwith gear teeth; a notch in the edge of each tumbler; a plurality ofpinions meshing with the gear teeth of said tumblers; mean for rotatingeach pinion pinions.

8. A permutation locl: connirismg a base ieldino'lv held againstseparately, said means comprising a plurality of concentric relativelyrotatable shafts; stop means for limiting the rotary movements of saidpinions; and a spring member a locking bolt slidable thereon, meansoperatively connected to the belt for reciprocating the same, means forrendering said bolt reciprocating means inopera tive, said meanscomprising a cam member operatively connected to the reciprocatingmeans, a slidable' member operatively connected to the cam and adaptedto be recip-:

rocated by the camfmeians for locking said slidable memberagainstlongitudinal movemen t,said means comprising a plurality ofrotatable members having gear teeth, the outer edges of said membershaving notches adapted to cooperate with said slidable member, aplurality of pinions meshing with the gear teeth on the rotatablemembers, means for rotating each cooperating pinion and rotatable memberseparately stop means for limiting the rotary movements of said pinions,and a spring detent cooperating with the gear teeth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JOSEPH E. BARKER.

